The State of Jharkhand was created in November’ 2000 after carving 79 lakh hectares geographical area from the State of Bihar for better planning and execution of development activities of a ecologically differentzone (Hills&Plateau region compared to Bihar plains).Agriculture isthe main stay forthe 80% ofrural populationof thestate. Agricultureistheiremploymentandprimary incomegenerating activity. The agricultural economy of the Jharkhand state is characterized by dependence on nature, low investment,low productivity,mono-cropping with paddy as the dominantcrop ,in inadequate irrigation facilities and small ands marginal holdings. The dependence ofagriculture onthe Vagaries oftherain-godcanbegaugedfromthe factthatas much as 92% of the total cultivated area is unirrigated. The cultivable land resources of the state have good potential for higher production of horticulture and forest products. The soil is young and has high capacity of fixation of humus. The forest provides sufficient biomass to feed its soiling. However,Soil erosion and failure to recycle the biomassis depletingthe soil fertility. Hence,a judicious oil,waterand landmanagementis required only that can improve agriculture productivity. Despite the fact that the state has a good rainfall, the surface water availability to agriculture is not sufficient due to inadequate storage facilities etc. as far as the status of ground water is concerned, it is also in the poor state due to little recharging of ground water by natural process in absence of artificial recharging facilities, as a result , the water label in the plateau is going down. Presently, The availability of water resource is only 287810 lakhs m3, out of which237890 lakh .m3 is from surface water and rest 49920 lakh m3 is from ground water. The total utilization of surface and ground water in the state for irrigation purposes so far is only 47360 lakh m3 out of which 39640 lakh m3 is surface water and 7720 lakh m3 is ground water. For all round agricultural development, technology must be supplemented by institutional mechanisms to ensure the provision of the essential facilities and services that the farmers need to improve agronomic practices and obtain higher yield. Only the developmentof a healthy agriculturalmarketing system can guarantee remunerative prices to the farmers and motivate the adoption of scientific cultivation for raising agricultural productivity. Soil& Water Conservation is one of the topmost concernsectorsof theorganization.Avastmajorityof rural population entirely depend on soil and water for food security not only for themselves but for entire living beings. The rapid erosion, climate change, undulating land, runoff water, use of chemicals, deforestation and absence of conservation measures are various factors for poor yield and food insecurity. Soil conservation work in Jharkhand aims to improve cro pproductivity and sustainability by managing soil health. This includes reducing erosion, improving moisture, and increasing soil fertility.